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The depth of foundation is usually calculated from:

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The depth of foundation is usually calculated from:
  • ARankine’s formula
  • BNetwton’s formula
  • CDe Almbert’s formula
  • DGutter’s formula
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Rankine’s formula provides the guidance on the minimum depth of foundation based on bearing capacity of the soil.

$( q_u={\gamma } {D_{f}}\left( {\frac{{1 - \sin \varphi }}{{1 + \sin \varphi }}} \right)^2)$

Therefore, the depth of the foundation can be expressed as

$(D_f = \frac{q_u}{\gamma }\left( {\frac{{1 - \sin \varphi }}{{1 + \sin \varphi }}} \right)^2)$

Where, Df = minimum depth of foundation, qu= ultimate bearing capacity of the soil, γ = density of soil, $(\varphi )$ = angle of repose or internal friction of soil.