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Consider the following classroom situations:1. A teacher praises a student after she answers correctly, so the student volunteers answers m…

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Consider the following classroom situations:

1. A teacher praises a student after she answers correctly, so the student volunteers answers more often.

2. A teacher exempts students from the end-of-term test if they maintain full attendance, and attendance rises.

3. A teacher takes away recess for talking during the lesson, which is a case of positive punishment.

Which of the above is/are correctly described?

  • A1 and 2 only
  • B1 and 3 only
  • C2 and 3 only
  • D1, 2 and 3
Correct answer: A

Explanation

Situation 1 is positive reinforcement; 2 is negative reinforcement. Withdrawing a desired thing (recess) is negative punishment, not positive punishment.

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